Find mortgage loan statistics, lending data, and loan application totals for Illinois.
The mortgage statistics and data below are specific to mortgage loan applications for Cibc Bank Usa.
Search for mortgage lenders by state, county, or metropolitan area
and explore the loan application details and stats broken down by several loan categories from 2003-2022.
Mortgage Company & Address | Cibc Bank Usa 120 South Lasalle Chicago, IL 60603 Tel #: available with data download |
Federal Regulator | * available with data download |
Years | 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 |
Total Number of Mortgage Applications | 2,181 |
Total Mortgage Loan Application Amount | $834,235,000 |
Average Mortgage Loan Application Amount | $621,000 |
Highest Mortgage Loan Application Amount | $43,400,000 |
Average Applicant Income | $157,666 |
Highest Applicant Income | $6,504,000 |
Overall mortgage application loan totals and averages for this lender are provided for each year by county, metro area, and the entire US.
The loan data is broken down by loan purpose, loan type, applicant race, application outcome, and denial reason. With this information, you can get a detailed view of locations
where the mortgage lender is actively processing applications as well as the types and outcomes of loans from these applications.
As you search for mortgage loan stats and lending data in IL, the totals and averages will help you understand where the lender does business as well as the volume of business they do.
County | Total Number of Mortgage Loan Applications | Total Dollar Amount of Mortgage Loans Applications | Average Mortgage Loan Application Amount | Average Applicant Income |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cook County Illinois | 798 | $ 262,899,000 | $ 329,000 | $ 154,000 |
St. Louis County Missouri | 217 | $ 52,728,000 | $ 242,000 | $ 151,000 |
Oakland County Michigan | 151 | $ 45,566,000 | $ 301,000 | $ 155,000 |
Lake County Illinois | 134 | $ 47,986,000 | $ 358,000 | $ 192,000 |
DuPage County Illinois | 123 | $ 88,024,000 | $ 715,000 | $ 161,000 |
Will County Illinois | 85 | $ 14,482,000 | $ 170,000 | $ 100,000 |
Kane County Illinois | 67 | $ 14,108,000 | $ 210,000 | $ 159,000 |
St. Louis City County Missouri | 56 | $ 12,082,000 | $ 215,000 | $ 118,000 |
Wayne County Michigan | 47 | $ 14,978,000 | $ 318,000 | $ 189,000 |
Macomb County Michigan | 43 | $ 5,843,000 | $ 135,000 | $ 82,000 |
Milwaukee County Wisconsin | 34 | $ 7,201,000 | $ 211,000 | $ 169,000 |
McHenry County Illinois | 25 | $ 4,792,000 | $ 191,000 | $ 111,000 |
St. Charles County Missouri | 19 | $ 4,353,000 | $ 229,000 | $ 131,000 |
Walworth County Wisconsin | 16 | $ 4,091,000 | $ 255,000 | $ 328,000 |
Maricopa County Arizona | 13 | $ 12,007,000 | $ 923,000 | $ 260,000 |
Lake County Indiana | 10 | $ 1,790,000 | $ 179,000 | $ 85,000 |
Los Angeles County California | 8 | $ 3,813,000 | $ 476,000 | $ 327,000 |
Orange County California | 8 | $ 3,757,000 | $ 469,000 | $ 153,000 |
Fulton County Georgia | 8 | $ 3,795,000 | $ 474,000 | $ 337,000 |
Grundy County Illinois | 8 | $ 512,000 | $ 64,000 | $ 50,000 |
Johnson County Kansas | 8 | $ 1,968,000 | $ 246,000 | $ 210,000 |
Ozaukee County Wisconsin | 8 | $ 2,593,000 | $ 324,000 | $ 201,000 |
Waukesha County Wisconsin | 8 | $ 3,512,000 | $ 439,000 | $ 143,000 |
Bexar County Texas | 7 | $ 1,354,000 | $ 193,000 | $ 178,000 |
Collier County Florida | 6 | $ 2,090,000 | $ 348,000 | $ 538,000 |
Kendall County Illinois | 6 | $ 1,099,000 | $ 183,000 | $ 64,000 |
Berrien County Michigan | 6 | $ 1,895,000 | $ 315,000 | $ 343,000 |
Lee County Florida | 5 | $ 2,608,000 | $ 521,000 | $ 580,000 |
Orange County Florida | 5 | $ 34,306,000 | $ 6,861,000 | $ 102,000 |
Sarasota County Florida | 5 | $ 1,763,000 | $ 352,000 | $ 375,000 |
Hennepin County Minnesota | 5 | $ 1,831,000 | $ 366,000 | $ 116,000 |
Camden County Missouri | 5 | $ 1,541,000 | $ 308,000 | $ 336,000 |
Jackson County Missouri | 5 | $ 1,449,000 | $ 289,000 | $ 195,000 |
Jefferson County Missouri | 5 | $ 972,000 | $ 194,000 | $ 97,000 |
Eagle County Colorado | 4 | $ 4,912,000 | $ 1,228,000 | $ 1,788,000 |
Hillsborough County Florida | 4 | $ 864,000 | $ 216,000 | $ 198,000 |
Lapeer County Michigan | 4 | $ 855,000 | $ 213,000 | $ 178,000 |
Franklin County Missouri | 4 | $ 983,000 | $ 245,000 | $ 118,000 |
Clark County Nevada | 4 | $ 1,547,000 | $ 386,000 | $ 166,000 |
Summit County Utah | 4 | $ 1,572,000 | $ 393,000 | $ 365,000 |
Alameda County California | 3 | $ 1,284,000 | $ 428,000 | $ 214,000 |
Fresno County California | 3 | $ 662,000 | $ 220,000 | $ 86,000 |
Pitkin County Colorado | 3 | $ 8,050,000 | $ 2,683,000 | $ 403,000 |
Miami-Dade County Florida | 3 | $ 2,884,000 | $ 961,000 | $ 780,000 |
Okaloosa County Florida | 3 | $ 1,102,000 | $ 367,000 | $ 985,000 |
Palm Beach County Florida | 3 | $ 703,000 | $ 234,000 | $ 113,000 |
Genesee County Michigan | 3 | $ 586,000 | $ 195,000 | $ 206,000 |
Platte County Missouri | 3 | $ 729,000 | $ 243,000 | $ 374,000 |
Davidson County Tennessee | 3 | $ 452,000 | $ 150,000 | $ 262,000 |
Dallas County Texas | 3 | $ 10,809,000 | $ 3,603,000 | $ 204,000 |
Harris County Texas | 3 | $ 626,000 | $ 208,000 | $ 336,000 |
Vilas County Wisconsin | 3 | $ 702,000 | $ 234,000 | $ 301,000 |
Riverside County California | 2 | $ 617,000 | $ 308,000 | $ 120,000 |
San Diego County California | 2 | $ 791,000 | $ 395,000 | $ 210,000 |
Santa Clara County California | 2 | $ 1,022,000 | $ 511,000 | $ 154,000 |
Douglas County Colorado | 2 | $ 616,000 | $ 308,000 | $ 176,000 |
Larimer County Colorado | 2 | $ 420,000 | $ 210,000 | $ 45,000 |
Pueblo County Colorado | 2 | $ 4,145,000 | $ 2,072,000 | $ 0 |
Summit County Colorado | 2 | $ 383,000 | $ 191,000 | $ 223,000 |
District of Columbia County District Of Columbia | 2 | $ 442,000 | $ 221,000 | $ 377,000 |
Bay County Florida | 2 | $ 320,000 | $ 160,000 | $ 319,000 |
Charlotte County Florida | 2 | $ 537,000 | $ 268,000 | $ 521,000 |
Duval County Florida | 2 | $ 354,000 | $ 177,000 | $ 102,000 |
Manatee County Florida | 2 | $ 9,087,000 | $ 4,543,000 | $ 36,000 |
Pinellas County Florida | 2 | $ 404,000 | $ 202,000 | $ 266,000 |
Cobb County Georgia | 2 | $ 791,000 | $ 395,000 | $ 496,000 |
DeKalb County Georgia | 2 | $ 353,000 | $ 176,000 | $ 20,000 |
Carroll County Illinois | 2 | $ 720,000 | $ 360,000 | $ 194,000 |
Monroe County Illinois | 2 | $ 471,000 | $ 235,000 | $ 134,000 |
St. Clair County Illinois | 2 | $ 360,000 | $ 180,000 | $ 96,000 |
LaPorte County Indiana | 2 | $ 491,000 | $ 245,000 | $ 314,000 |
Porter County Indiana | 2 | $ 443,000 | $ 221,000 | $ 83,000 |
Polk County Iowa | 2 | $ 343,000 | $ 171,000 | $ 203,000 |
Leavenworth County Kansas | 2 | $ 386,000 | $ 193,000 | $ 105,000 |
Sedgwick County Kansas | 2 | $ 400,000 | $ 200,000 | $ 199,000 |
Charlevoix County Michigan | 2 | $ 612,000 | $ 306,000 | $ 292,000 |
Houghton County Michigan | 2 | $ 515,000 | $ 257,000 | $ 128,000 |
Ingham County Michigan | 2 | $ 372,000 | $ 186,000 | $ 202,000 |
Saginaw County Michigan | 2 | $ 478,000 | $ 239,000 | $ 702,000 |
Washtenaw County Michigan | 2 | $ 427,000 | $ 213,000 | $ 95,000 |
Delaware County Ohio | 2 | $ 549,000 | $ 274,000 | $ 172,000 |
Franklin County Ohio | 2 | $ 439,000 | $ 219,000 | $ 64,000 |
Montgomery County Pennsylvania | 2 | $ 834,000 | $ 417,000 | $ 376,000 |
Charleston County South Carolina | 2 | $ 1,686,000 | $ 843,000 | $ 1,038,000 |
Greenville County South Carolina | 2 | $ 664,000 | $ 332,000 | $ 95,000 |
El Paso County Texas | 2 | $ 149,000 | $ 74,000 | $ 137,000 |
Clark County Washington | 2 | $ 663,000 | $ 331,000 | $ 246,000 |
Dane County Wisconsin | 2 | $ 533,000 | $ 266,000 | $ 438,000 |
Washington County Wisconsin | 2 | $ 901,000 | $ 450,000 | $ 200,000 |
Baldwin County Alabama | 1 | $ 362,000 | $ 362,000 | $ 216,000 |
Pima County Arizona | 1 | $ 410,000 | $ 410,000 | $ 190,000 |
Marin County California | 1 | $ 489,000 | $ 489,000 | $ 160,000 |
Placer County California | 1 | $ 24,900,000 | $ 24,900,000 | $ 0 |
San Bernardino County California | 1 | $ 280,000 | $ 280,000 | $ 214,000 |
San Luis Obispo County California | 1 | $ 274,000 | $ 274,000 | $ 210,000 |
Santa Barbara County California | 1 | $ 377,000 | $ 377,000 | $ 99,000 |
Arapahoe County Colorado | 1 | $ 389,000 | $ 389,000 | $ 233,000 |
Denver County Colorado | 1 | $ 238,000 | $ 238,000 | $ 150,000 |
Hinsdale County Colorado | 1 | $ 236,000 | $ 236,000 | $ 115,000 |
Yuma County Colorado | 1 | $ 125,000 | $ 125,000 | $ 42,000 |
Lake County Florida | 1 | $ 110,000 | $ 110,000 | $ 170,000 |
Pasco County Florida | 1 | $ 120,000 | $ 120,000 | $ 66,000 |
St. Johns County Florida | 1 | $ 1,213,000 | $ 1,213,000 | $ 1,606,000 |
Volusia County Florida | 1 | $ 488,000 | $ 488,000 | $ 321,000 |
Walton County Florida | 1 | $ 200,000 | $ 200,000 | $ 0 |
Chatham County Georgia | 1 | $ 169,000 | $ 169,000 | $ 90,000 |
Pickens County Georgia | 1 | $ 325,000 | $ 325,000 | $ 74,000 |
Honolulu County Hawaii | 1 | $ 154,000 | $ 154,000 | $ 0 |
Kauai County Hawaii | 1 | $ 292,000 | $ 292,000 | $ 141,000 |
Adams County Illinois | 1 | $ 97,000 | $ 97,000 | $ 39,000 |
Boone County Illinois | 1 | $ 316,000 | $ 316,000 | $ 88,000 |
Clinton County Illinois | 1 | $ 325,000 | $ 325,000 | $ 132,000 |
LaSalle County Illinois | 1 | $ 47,000 | $ 47,000 | $ 105,000 |
Macon County Illinois | 1 | $ 29,000 | $ 29,000 | $ 111,000 |
Marshall County Illinois | 1 | $ 251,000 | $ 251,000 | $ 257,000 |
Tazewell County Illinois | 1 | $ 192,000 | $ 192,000 | $ 206,000 |
Hamilton County Indiana | 1 | $ 219,000 | $ 219,000 | $ 94,000 |
Starke County Indiana | 1 | $ 259,000 | $ 259,000 | $ 197,000 |
Jefferson County Kentucky | 1 | $ 168,000 | $ 168,000 | $ 111,000 |
York County Maine | 1 | $ 142,000 | $ 142,000 | $ 49,000 |
Baltimore City County Maryland | 1 | $ 342,000 | $ 342,000 | $ 193,000 |
Montgomery County Maryland | 1 | $ 400,000 | $ 400,000 | $ 124,000 |
Dukes County Massachusetts | 1 | $ 412,000 | $ 412,000 | $ 145,000 |
Antrim County Michigan | 1 | $ 417,000 | $ 417,000 | $ 396,000 |
Cass County Michigan | 1 | $ 189,000 | $ 189,000 | $ 275,000 |
Cheboygan County Michigan | 1 | $ 174,000 | $ 174,000 | $ 242,000 |
Clare County Michigan | 1 | $ 332,000 | $ 332,000 | $ 58,000 |
Iosco County Michigan | 1 | $ 140,000 | $ 140,000 | $ 66,000 |
Kalamazoo County Michigan | 1 | $ 172,000 | $ 172,000 | $ 331,000 |
Leelanau County Michigan | 1 | $ 4,000,000 | $ 4,000,000 | $ 0 |
Manistee County Michigan | 1 | $ 360,000 | $ 360,000 | $ 231,000 |
Otsego County Michigan | 1 | $ 86,000 | $ 86,000 | $ 180,000 |
Ottawa County Michigan | 1 | $ 410,000 | $ 410,000 | $ 190,000 |
Sanilac County Michigan | 1 | $ 150,000 | $ 150,000 | $ 39,000 |
St. Clair County Michigan | 1 | $ 585,000 | $ 585,000 | $ 0 |
Van Buren County Michigan | 1 | $ 145,000 | $ 145,000 | $ 52,000 |
Carver County Minnesota | 1 | $ 830,000 | $ 830,000 | $ 336,000 |
Ramsey County Minnesota | 1 | $ 371,000 | $ 371,000 | $ 0 |
Boone County Missouri | 1 | $ 764,000 | $ 764,000 | $ 213,000 |
Clay County Missouri | 1 | $ 365,000 | $ 365,000 | $ 215,000 |
Crawford County Missouri | 1 | $ 140,000 | $ 140,000 | $ 150,000 |
Macon County Missouri | 1 | $ 130,000 | $ 130,000 | $ 437,000 |
Miller County Missouri | 1 | $ 229,000 | $ 229,000 | $ 653,000 |
St. Francois County Missouri | 1 | $ 200,000 | $ 200,000 | $ 167,000 |
Warren County Missouri | 1 | $ 125,000 | $ 125,000 | $ 309,000 |
Ocean County New Jersey | 1 | $ 400,000 | $ 400,000 | $ 1,201,000 |
Somerset County New Jersey | 1 | $ 330,000 | $ 330,000 | $ 112,000 |
Bernalillo County New Mexico | 1 | $ 417,000 | $ 417,000 | $ 146,000 |
Suffolk County New York | 1 | $ 417,000 | $ 417,000 | $ 200,000 |
Buncombe County North Carolina | 1 | $ 199,000 | $ 199,000 | $ 252,000 |
Caldwell County North Carolina | 1 | $ 150,000 | $ 150,000 | $ 230,000 |
Carteret County North Carolina | 1 | $ 11,400,000 | $ 11,400,000 | $ 0 |
Forsyth County North Carolina | 1 | $ 7,275,000 | $ 7,275,000 | $ 0 |
Henderson County North Carolina | 1 | $ 292,000 | $ 292,000 | $ 138,000 |
Pitt County North Carolina | 1 | $ 100,000 | $ 100,000 | $ 94,000 |
Wake County North Carolina | 1 | $ 382,000 | $ 382,000 | $ 100,000 |
Hamilton County Ohio | 1 | $ 619,000 | $ 619,000 | $ 1,479,000 |
Montgomery County Ohio | 1 | $ 102,000 | $ 102,000 | $ 172,000 |
Wood County Ohio | 1 | $ 209,000 | $ 209,000 | $ 118,000 |
Oklahoma County Oklahoma | 1 | $ 228,000 | $ 228,000 | $ 129,000 |
Multnomah County Oregon | 1 | $ 343,000 | $ 343,000 | $ 137,000 |
Chester County Pennsylvania | 1 | $ 20,000,000 | $ 20,000,000 | $ 0 |
Beaufort County South Carolina | 1 | $ 118,000 | $ 118,000 | $ 167,000 |
Florence County South Carolina | 1 | $ 240,000 | $ 240,000 | $ 193,000 |
Minnehaha County South Dakota | 1 | $ 744,000 | $ 744,000 | $ 439,000 |
Hamilton County Tennessee | 1 | $ 5,500,000 | $ 5,500,000 | $ 0 |
Knox County Tennessee | 1 | $ 103,000 | $ 103,000 | $ 30,000 |
Fort Bend County Texas | 1 | $ 340,000 | $ 340,000 | $ 93,000 |
Hays County Texas | 1 | $ 131,000 | $ 131,000 | $ 175,000 |
Kendall County Texas | 1 | $ 256,000 | $ 256,000 | $ 71,000 |
Medina County Texas | 1 | $ 179,000 | $ 179,000 | $ 110,000 |
Travis County Texas | 1 | $ 413,000 | $ 413,000 | $ 186,000 |
King County Washington | 1 | $ 488,000 | $ 488,000 | $ 418,000 |
Jefferson County Wisconsin | 1 | $ 255,000 | $ 255,000 | $ 430,000 |
Kenosha County Wisconsin | 1 | $ 86,000 | $ 86,000 | $ 32,000 |
La Crosse County Wisconsin | 1 | $ 412,000 | $ 412,000 | $ 150,000 |
Outagamie County Wisconsin | 1 | $ 240,000 | $ 240,000 | $ 414,000 |
Racine County Wisconsin | 1 | $ 417,000 | $ 417,000 | $ 217,000 |
Sheboygan County Wisconsin | 1 | $ 403,000 | $ 403,000 | $ 592,000 |
Winnebago County Wisconsin | 1 | $ 290,000 | $ 290,000 | $ 237,000 |
The mortgage data stats below are displayed in sortable categories such as loan purpose, race of mortgage applicant, loan type, the outcome of the application, and reason for denial.
Each category breaks down the total number of mortgage applications, the total dollar amount for those applications, the average mortgage amount, the highest mortgage loan applied for within that category,
the average income of the mortgage applicants, and the highest income of the mortgage applicants.
You can also download the entire list of mortgage lenders along with their aggregated lending data for the state of Illinois,
and search the same numbers and information back through 2003.
Loan Purpose |
Total Number of Mortgage Applications | Total Dollar Amount of Mortgage Loan Applications | Average Mortgage Loan Amount | Highest Mortgage Loan Amount | Average Applicant Income | Highest Applicant Income |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Refinancing | 1,294 | $499,597,000 | $386,000 | $30,750,000 | $178,000 | $3,561,000 |
Home Purchase | 830 | $268,817,000 | $323,000 | $11,400,000 | $159,000 | $6,504,000 |
Home Improvement | 57 | $65,821,000 | $1,154,000 | $43,400,000 | $136,000 | $1,338,000 |
Applicant Race |
Total Number of Mortgage Applications | Total Dollar Amount of Mortgage Loan Applications | Average Mortgage Loan Amount | Highest Mortgage Loan Amount | Average Applicant Income | Highest Applicant Income |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
White | 1,776 | $490,356,000 | $276,000 | $3,450,000 | $184,000 | $6,504,000 |
Not Provided | 138 | $38,862,000 | $281,000 | $1,900,000 | $144,000 | $960,000 |
Hispanic | 98 | $12,295,000 | $125,000 | $417,000 | $67,000 | $663,000 |
Asian | 67 | $17,125,000 | $255,000 | $1,500,000 | $155,000 | $867,000 |
Black or African American | 61 | $9,108,000 | $149,000 | $2,438,000 | $104,000 | $2,166,000 |
Not applicable | 38 | $265,873,000 | $6,996,000 | $43,400,000 | $0 | $0 |
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 3 | $616,000 | $205,000 | $240,000 | $26,000 | $53,000 |
American Indian or Alaskan Native | 0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Loan Type |
Total Number of Mortgage Applications | Total Dollar Amount of Mortgage Loan Applications | Average Mortgage Loan Amount | Highest Mortgage Loan Amount | Average Applicant Income | Highest Applicant Income |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conventional (any loan other than FHA, VA, FSA, or RHS loans) | 2,042 | $815,493,000 | $399,000 | $43,400,000 | $177,000 | $6,504,000 |
FHA-insured (Federal Housing Administration) | 138 | $18,598,000 | $134,000 | $432,000 | $60,000 | $321,000 |
VA-guaranteed (Veterans Administration) | 1 | $144,000 | $144,000 | $144,000 | $49,000 | $49,000 |
FSA/RHS (Farm Service Agency or Rural Housing Service) | 0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Outcome |
Total Number of Mortgage Applications | Total Dollar Amount of Mortgage Loan Applications | Average Mortgage Loan Amount | Highest Mortgage Loan Amount | Average Applicant Income | Highest Applicant Income |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Loan Originated | 1,446 | $649,835,000 | $449,000 | $43,400,000 | $186,000 | $6,504,000 |
Loan Purchased By The Institution | 288 | $30,999,000 | $107,000 | $387,000 | $48,000 | $258,000 |
Application Withdrawn By Applicant | 215 | $78,973,000 | $367,000 | $2,400,000 | $232,000 | $2,089,000 |
Application Denied By Financial Institution | 183 | $59,214,000 | $323,000 | $2,000,000 | $160,000 | $1,000,000 |
File Closed For Incompleteness | 29 | $10,405,000 | $358,000 | $1,000,000 | $237,000 | $793,000 |
Application Approved But Not Accepted | 18 | $4,544,000 | $252,000 | $417,000 | $135,000 | $450,000 |
Preapproval Denied by Financial Institution | 2 | $265,000 | $132,000 | $150,000 | $53,000 | $60,000 |
Preapproval Approved but not Accepted | 0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Denial Reason |
Total Number of Mortgage Applications | Total Dollar Amount of Mortgage Loan Applications | Average Mortgage Loan Amount | Highest Mortgage Loan Amount | Average Applicant Income | Highest Applicant Income |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Collateral | 87 | $36,140,000 | $415,000 | $2,000,000 | $219,000 | $1,000,000 |
Debt-To-Income Ratio | 40 | $10,876,000 | $271,000 | $713,000 | $84,000 | $298,000 |
Credit History | 29 | $4,396,000 | $151,000 | $1,000,000 | $88,000 | $340,000 |
Credit Application Incomplete | 14 | $3,372,000 | $240,000 | $444,000 | $136,000 | $339,000 |
Other | 7 | $1,166,000 | $166,000 | $400,000 | $66,000 | $145,000 |
Unverifiable Information | 4 | $942,000 | $235,000 | $290,000 | $258,000 | $480,000 |
Employment History | 3 | $837,000 | $279,000 | $292,000 | $80,000 | $89,000 |
Insufficient Cash (Downpayment, Closing Cost) | 1 | $1,750,000 | $1,750,000 | $1,750,000 | $867,000 | $867,000 |
Mortgage Insurance Denied | 0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
These totals and details for mortgage applications will give you a better idea of what to expect when researching mortgage lenders. Whether you are looking for a home loan, for home refinancing, or for home improvement loan statistics, we have the information you need. This mortgage loan data gives you everything you need to know as you start your search for the best lenders in IL, and gives you an idea of what the best mortgage lenders really are.
If you prefer, you can download a copy of the entire list of mortgage lenders in Illinois, and search similar information at your convenience.